BYLAWS OF

THE AMERICAN DAHLIA SOCIETY

Article I - Name and Object

Section 1. The name of the Society shall be THE AMERICAN DAHLIA SOCIETY, INCORPORATED, "ADS."

Section 2. The Society is formed for the purpose of stimulating interest in and promoting the culture and development of the dahlia; to establish a standard nomenclature; to test new varieties and to give them such recognition as they deserve; to study the diseases and the pests of the dahlia and find remedies for the same; to disseminate information relating to the dahlia; to secure uniform standards for judging dahlia shows and to give exhibitions when deemed advisable.

Article II Ð Membership

Section 1. All flower lovers shall be eligible for membership in this Society, provided they have applied to the Membership Chairman or through a Participating Society and paid dues for the current and/or succeeding calendar year.

Section 2. There shall be the following classes of Membership.

Clause 1. Members-at-Large are members whose membership is independent of any society. They shall have full voice in the affairs of the Society, shall be entitled to vote in the election of officers and in other matters as shall be decided by vote and call for a division, to one copy of each issue of the BULLETIN of The American Dahlia Society and the current Classification and Handbook of Dahlias.

Clause 2. Members of the Participating Societies who have been registered by the duly elected or appointed officer of such Society, shall become Members of the American Dahlia Society, Inc. upon payment of dues and shall be entitled to all the rights and privileges of members-at-large.

Clause 3. Family Membership shall include any two individuals living at the same address. Such members may hold membership as Members-at-Large or through Participating Societies. Both members shall enjoy full rights and privileges as Members-at-Large except that only one copy of each issue of the BULLETIN will be sent to the family unit.

Clause 4. Sustaining Memberships shall be individuals, two individuals at the same address, business firms or institutions who desire to make a contribution each year beyond the regular dues as specified by the Executive Board to further the interests of the Society. The Executive Board currently recognizes two categories of Sustaining Memberships: Benefactor and Patron. Benefactor and Patron memberships are considered family memberships. The Executive Board will establish the dues levels for Benefactor and Patron levels of Sustaining Memberships.

Clause 5. Life Membership is granted upon approval of the Executive Board and payment to the Society of an amount specified by the Executive Board and ratified by the membership at the next annual meeting. Life Members are entitled to all rights and benefits of Members-at-Large.

Clause 6. Honorary Membership may be conferred by the Executive Board upon any person who, by his or her contribution to the advancement of the Dahlia or the interests of the Society, may be deemed worthy of the honor. Honorary Members shall be entitled to all the rights and benefits of Members-at-Large.

Clause 7. Youth or Student Membership shall be offered to interested individuals (up to and including 18 years of age),who have an ADS member sponsor. Any interested youth, with an ADS member sponsor, may join ADS as an individual or through a participating society. The ADS recommends that all societies have a separate section in their dahlia show for youth members to exhibit dahlias. Youth/Student members are entitled to all the rights and benefits of Members-at-Large.

Article III - Dues

Section 1. The dues of all classes of members other than Honorary Members shall be specified by the Executive Board subject to ratification at the next annual meeting.

Article IV - Life Membership and Gifts

Section 1. Life Membership Fund.

Clause 1. All monies received from the Life Membership fees shall be deposited in a savings account or invested in suitable securities and only the income from this fund shall be transferred to the General Funds account to pay the annual membership dues of the American Dahlia Society, Inc. for said Life Members.

Clause 2. Upon termination of any Life Membership, the amount originally paid in shall be transferred to the general treasury.

Section 2. Gifts.

Clause 1. Unrestricted Gifts. Gifts given without restriction. To be used at the discretion of the Executive Board. No special segregation or accounting of such gifts.

Clause 2. Current restricted Gifts. Gifts given with specific purpose for current usage. Principal shall be dispersed over a period no longer than three years, provided, however that such term may be extended by the Executive Board. Any interest will be deposited in the General Funds account.

Clause 3. Endowment Gifts. Minimum endowment fund is $25,000. Monies shall be invested in an endowment fund. The income shall be available each year for the use specified (note: Income can accrue for future use or be added to the fund). All endowment funds are pooled and the investment gains or losses shall be allocated, prorated based on each giftÕs total amount and the time of investment. Each endowment gift report shall show each year's total endowment plus or minus changes in capital received, and total income (excluding capital change) available for the purpose designated plus any carry over income from previous years.

Clause 4. Specific Gifts. The Executive Board may form Trust Units and solicit funds from same as occasion may dictate. Such Trust Funds will be handled as "Endowment Funds," but will be retained in a separate account.

Clause 5. Each gift of two hundred and fifty dollars ($250.00) or more shall be acknowledged by the Treasurer in writing.

Article V - Affiliated and Participating Societies

Section 1. Affiliated Societies.

Any local Dahlia Society or garden club interested in the dahlia may become an Affiliated Society of the American Dahlia Society, Inc. upon approval of the Executive Board and upon payment of a membership fee as determined by the Executive Board and ratified at the next annual meeting. Each Affiliated Society shall be entitled to receive one (1) bronze Round Medal of the American Dahlia Society, Inc. to be suitably awarded by the Affiliated Society, and to receive one (1) copy of each issue of the BULLETIN of the American Dahlia Society, Inc. and one (1) copy of the current Classification and Handbook of Dahlias when issued, and be entitled to participate in the ADS Seedling Bench Evaluation.

Section 2. Participating Societies.

Clause 1. Any organization interested in the dahlia may become a Participating Society of the American Dahlia Society, Inc. upon application to the Executive Board.

Clause 2. Each Participating Society shall pay into the treasury of the American Dahlia Society, Inc. through a duly authorized officer of said Participating Society, a sum representing the annual dues for not less than 10 members in good standing of such Participating Society, and as many more as desire to join this Society as Participating members (Article II, Section 2, Clause 2) up to the full membership in good standing of the Participating Society. A family membership shall count as two members.

Clause 3. Each Participating Society shall receive a bronze Round Medal of the American Dahlia Society, Inc. to be suitably awarded by the Participating Society, and shall be entitled to participate in the ADS Seedling Bench Evaluation.

Section 3. The American Dahlia Society, Inc. shall not be held liable for any acts, obligations or commitments of any Participating or Affiliated Society.

Article VI - Officers

Section 1. The officers shall be; a President; a First Vice-President; a Second Vice-President; there shall be one Regional Vice-President for each recognized Region as established by a majority vote of the Executive board in a regular or called meeting; a Treasurer; a General Secretary; one or more Assistant Secretaries as may be needed to conduct the affairs of the society; as many Special Vice-Presidents as may be considered as necessary, and three Trustees; all to be elected in the manner hereinafter provided.

Clause 1. The President, Secretary, Treasurer, and such designated committee chairs shall be bonded for such amount as determined by the Executive Board. The cost of such bond shall be paid by the Society.

Section 2. Nomination and Election of Officers.

Clause 1. A Nominating Committee shall be selected before February 1st of each election year as follows: The chairman shall be appointed by the President, two members shall be selected by the Chairman and an additional two members by the Executive Board, The Nominating Committee shall prepare a list of nominees for all elective offices excepting the Regional Vice-Presidents.

Clause 2. Regional Vice-Presidents shall be nominated and elected by the participating societies in each region. Notification of the election of such Regional Vice-Presidents must be sent to the General Secretary immediately following election. In regions where there is no regional organization to conduct such an election, the Regional Vice-President may be appointed by the President of the Society.

Clause 3. During an election year, there shall be published in the June issue of the BULLETIN a ballot for voting by mail. Each member in good standing shall be entitled to cast, for the election of officers, by mail a ballot which must be mailed to the Treasurer and postmarked on or before August 15.

Clause 4. Any member desiring to vote for any candidate for any office, other than those named by the Nominating Committee, shall have the right to write in such name on the ballot, provided that the written consent of the candidate has been obtained and said consent is on file in the office of the General Secretary on or before July 15 of the election year.

Clause 5. All candidates for the offices provided for in Article VI, Section I, must be members in good standing of the American Dahlia Society, Inc., with membership dues paid as of April 15 of the election year.

Clause 6. A plurality of valid votes shall elect if there is competition for any office. A minimum of 25 valid votes shall be required for election to any office.

Section 4. The terms of all officers, except Trustees, shall be for two years, or until their successors have been duly elected and installed. There shall be three Trustees with staggered terms of four years, so that no more than two trustees may be elected during each election year. The term of office shall be from November 1 through October 31 for the two-year period.

Section 5. Immediately upon retiring from office, each officer shall turn over in good order to his duly elected successor all funds, books, records and other property of the Society that may be in his possession.

Section 6. Should a vacancy occur in the office of any elected Regional Vice-President, such vacancy may be filled for the balance of the term by the Participating Societies in the region by such means as shall be acceptable to them.

Section 7. Should a vacancy occur in the office of an appointed Regional Vice-President, Vice President, Secretary, or Treasurer, such vacancy may be filled for the balance of the term by the appointment by the President of the American Dahlia Society, Inc.

Article VII - Duties of Officers

Section 1. The duties of the President shall be to preside at the annual meetings, meetings of the Executive Board, and at any special meetings called at his discretion or upon written request of twenty- five members; to appoint all committees not otherwise provided for, and to perform such other duties as the advancement of the society may require.

Section 2. In the absence of the President the First-Vice President shall preside at the meetings and shall perform the duties of the President's office. In the absence of the President and the First vice- President, the Second Vice-President shall preside at the meetings, and perform the duties of the Presidents office. In the absence of all three, a Chairman pro tem may be elected by the eligible voting Executive Board members present.

Section 3. Should a vacancy occur in the office of the President, the First Vice-President shall assume the duties of that office. In the event of a prolonged illness of the President, the First Vice-President shall assume the duties of the President until the President is able to return to duty. In the event of the absence or illness of both the President and the First Vice-President, the Second Vice-President shall assume the duties of the office of the President until the return of either officer or until the next regular election.

Section 4. The Treasurer.

Clause 1. The Treasurer shall be empowered to receive monies for the ADS from any officer, Committee Chair or directly from those owing or contributing such funds, giving a receipt therefore and to deposit said funds in a suitable bank or to invest them in approved securities in the name of the Society. The Treasurer is empowered to disburse such funds of the Society to pay invoices for goods and services rendered to the Society as specified in the By Laws (Bulletin and Classification & Handbook of Dahlias, etc.); for goods and services approved by the President or the Executive Board and for reimbursement of reasonable expenses of Officers or Committee Chairs incurred fulfilling responsibilities of their office. The Treasurer will serve as an ex-officio member of the Finance Committee.

Clause 2. Checks in payment of funds owed by the Society shall be signed by the Treasurer or the President. Resolutions covering same shall be made to the bank where deposits are made in the name of the Society.

Clause 3. The Treasurer shall render a report of the current financial condition of the Society at the meetings of the Executive Board or as requested by the President. The Treasurer shall also render a financial report at the annual meeting of the Society. The Treasurer will also annually prepare and submit the necessary filings for a not-for-profit organization to the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and the N.Y. State Department of Law. The compensation of the Treasurer shall be subject to the finances of the Society and the approval of the membership at the Annual Meeting. The fiscal year of the Society shall run from June 1 through May 31.

Section 5. The General Secretary.

Clause 1. The General Secretary shall record proceedings of the Executive Board meetings, reporting same at the next Board meeting; shall record proceedings of Annual meetings, and shall provide minutes of all meetings, after approval of such minutes by the Executive Board, to the Editor of the Bulletin for publication in the following issue of the BULLETIN; shall maintain the official records of the Society and; as directed by the President, shall conduct all general correspondence and shall prepare notices of all meetings.

The General Secretary may receive money due the Society giving a receipt therefor, and shall transfer all such monies so collected to the Treasurer, taking receipt therefor. In the absence of, or because of illness of the Treasurer, the secretary is empowered to disburse funds of the Society in payment of accounts against the Society, as authorized by the President and/or a majority vote of the Executive Board.

Clause 2. The compensation of the General Secretary shall be subject to the finances of the Society, and the approval of the membership at the Annual Meeting.

Article VIII - The Trustees

Section 1. The Trustees shall consist of three members, to be nominated and elected as provided in Article VI, Section 2.

Section 2. The Trustees shall be elected for a staggered term of four years arranged in such a manner that no more than two Trustees are elected during an election year.

Section 3. The Trustees shall review and advise the Treasurer and Executive Board as to financial matters and supervise the finances of the ADS.

Clause 1. The Trustees shall advise the Treasurer with respect to investment of monies under the SocietiesÕ control.

Clause 2. The Trustees shall, from time to time, review the operations of the Society and report to the executive Board, making recommendations as determined appropriate.

Article IX - Executive Board and its Committees

Section 1. The Executive Board

Clause 1. The Society shall be governed by the Executive Board, which shall have all the powers and responsibilities of a "Board of Directors" of a New York State Not-for-Profit Corporation.

Clause 2. The Executive Board shall consist of the President, the First Vice-President, the Second Vice-President, the General Secretary, the Treasurer, past Presidents, not to exceed three who will be appointed by the President, the members of the Board of Trustees, the Chairs of all standing Committees, the Editor of the BULLETIN and the Regional Vice-Presidents.

Clause 3. It shall be the duty of the Executive Board to have charge of the working interests of the Society, and shall provide direction and guidance to the President. It shall examine all accounts of the Society and make report of the same at the annual meeting. It shall provide for an annual audit and may call for a financial statement from the Treasurer at any time. It shall meet on the call of the President and shall perform all such duties as may be necessary for the welfare and advancement of the Society.

Section 2. The Standing Committees shall be; National Exhibition, Membership, Trial Garden, Research and Education, Classification, Judges Accreditation, Seedling Bench Evaluation, National Awards, Publicity/Public Relations, Slide Library, Photography, Historian, Insurance, and Finance.

Clause 1. The actions of all committees are subject to approval by the Executive Board.

Section 3. National Exhibition

Clause 1. The National Exhibition Chair shall arrange the details of all exhibitions that are co- sponsored by the Society.

Clause 2. This Committee shall consist of such members as shall be appointed by the President. The Chair shall consider all applications received from proposed host societies and make recommendations to the Executive Board for the date and place of the National Show for up to five ensuing years. The Executive Board will make determination promptly and the General Secretary will officially notify applicant host societies of the decision. All applications must be made in writing to the National Exhibition Chair of the American Dahlia Society, Inc. with a deposit of not less than $25.00 or such greater amount as may be established by the Executive Board. This deposit shall be returned after the show has been held. There shall be no financial obligation to the American Dahlia Society, Inc. because of the conduct of any National Show, but the Executive Board shall make available to the host society such financial assistance as it may deem feasible. The National Show schedule must provide for single-bloom exhibits covering all classes in the Current Classification and Handbook of Dahlias and include special ADS classes. The National Show must be judged by teams with the majority of judges being accredited ADS judges.

Section 4. Membership. The Membership Chair is charged with the duty of providing means to increase the membership of the Society. The Chair is to maintain a current roster of members status and addresses; to provide the Editor of the Bulletin with a current mailing list as required; to accept membership fees and forward the payments to the Treasurer in a timely manner; and send material to new members

Section 5. Publications. The Executive Board or its designee(s) has responsibility for all publications of the Society. The Editor shall supervise the publication of the BULLETIN. The Editor of the BULLETIN shall be appointed by the President. The Editor of the Bulletin shall be deemed to be the Chair of a Standing Committee.

Section 6. Trial Garden The Chair shall recommend the establishment of Trial Gardens and shall formulate regulations for the management of such gardens. The Chair shall report annually to the Executive Board on the status and conduct of the Trial Gardens, prepare a report on scoring dahlias at the Trial Gardens for publication in the Bulletin and determine the winners of the Hart and Gullikson awards.

Section 7. Research and Education. The Research & Education Chair shall promote research and activities secure information on the culture of the Dahlia and disseminate such information among growers of Dahlias (and the public).

Section 8. The Classification Committee.

Clause 1. The Classification Chairs shall have charge of annually compiling annually and publishing the American Dahlia Society Classification and Handbook of Dahlias. The Classification Committee shall be responsible for the classification and reclassification of dahlias, and to recommend to the Executive Board the identification, description and recognition of new forms and types.

Clause 2. Members of the Classification Committee must be senior judges who have demonstrated a thorough knowledge of dahlias, including accurately determining their size, form, and color. The Classification Chair(s) shall review the registration of names of cultivars and with the help of the Trial Garden Chair and the Seedling Bench Evaluation Chair resolve conflicts in the naming of cultivars, including different names for identical sports or duplicate names of different cultivars. The Classification Chair(s) shall review the Classification and Handbook of Dahlias as often as necessary, make recommendations to the Executive Board for its improvement, and consult with the classification committee for classification changes and advice.

Section 9. JudgeÕs Accreditation. The Judges Accreditation Committee shall consist of the JudgeÕs Accreditation Chair and the Chairs of the Judges Accreditation Committees of the Participating Societies The ADS Chair shall be appointed by the President. It shall be the duty of this Committee to formulate rules for the accreditation of judges, and submit such rules to the Executive Board for adoption. The Judges Accreditation Chair shall annually review the list of accredited and senior judges and submit for publication the list of all judges that have fulfilled their requirements for current accreditation.

Section 10. Seedling Bench Evaluation. The Seedling Bench Evaluation Chair shall recommend rules and supervise the Seedling Bench Evaluation and Achievement Awards of all Affiliated and Participating Societies; prepare a report for publication in the Bulletin on scoring dahlias in the Seedling Bench Evaluation and determine the winner of the Dudley and Gullikson awards.

Section 11. National Awards. The National Awards Chair shall from time to time make recommendations to the President for awards of recognition to persons who have made outstanding contributions to the cause of the dahlia.

Section 12. Publicity/Public Relations . The Publicity/Public Relations Chair shall promote the dahlia through published and transmitted media with articles, and information on activities within the societies of the American Dahlia Society, and support the Participating Society sponsoring the ADS National Show

Section 13. Slide Library. The Slide Library Chair shall accept and collect slides and other representations of dahlias, assemble them into suitable groupings and make them available, on loan, to societies and interested groups. The Chair will make copies of the slide groupings and other representations as necessary to fulfill the society requests in a timely manner. The Chair will make these slides and representations available to the Bulletin Editor.

Section 14. Photography. The Photography Chair shall recommend rules and categories for the ADS photo contest and shall accept photographic images as set forth in the current published photography contest rules. The Photography Chair shall obtain judging assistance and judge all photographic images in their appropriate categories and make awards where deemed worthy. The Chair shall make worthy entries available to the Bulletin Editor and the Slide Library Chair for possible inclusion in the Bulletin and Slide Library.

Section 15. Historian. The Historian Chair shall collect materials related to the dahlia, the American Dahlia Society and foreign dahlia societies. The Historian shall catalog all materials and make this catalog list available.

Section 16. Insurance. The Insurance Chair shall administer the insurance policy acquired by the ADS for its activities and made available to not-for-profit Affiliated and Participating Societies.

Section 17. Finance. The Finance Committee will be Chaired by a trustee designated by the President, and will establish long-term financial plans for the Society, provide recommendations to the Executive Board on approaches to achieve the goals of such financial plans, and assist in their implementation and achievement. The treasurer will serve as an ex officio member of the Committee.

Section 18. The President shall appoint such other committees as may be advisable as the need arises.

Article X - Meetings

Section 1. Annual Meeting.

Clause 1. The Annual meeting shall be held at such time and place as the National Show of the American Dahlia Society.. The Executive Board shall first be informed of any substantive matters of new business to be presented to the Annual Meeting to assure that adequate time is made available for consideration of such matters.

Clause 2. The General Secretary shall notify the Editor of the Bulletin of the date, time and place of the Annual Meeting for publication in the June Bulletin and prior publications, if possible. Publication in the BULLETIN shall be deemed legal notice of the Annual Meeting.

Clause 3. If no National Meeting is held in any year, the Annual Meeting shall be held at such time and place as determined by two-thirds of the Executive Committee voting thereon and published in the BULLETIN.

Clause 4. Twenty-five members shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any Annual Meeting.

Section 2. Meetings of the Executive Board shall be held on call of the President three times per year and at other times at the request of five members of the Executive Board. Meetings may be in person or by other means found to be suitable by the Executive Board and President. In addition, the Executive board may be called to session by the President or by five members of the Executive Board in connection with the Annual Meeting.

Clause 1. Six members of the Executive Board, or the minimum number as required by law, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any regular meeting of the Executive Board or at a special meeting called or authorized by the President.

Article XI - Bulletin

Section 1. The Society shall publish a bulletin, to be issued quarterly or as directed by the Executive Board.

Section 2. The name of this publication shall be "The BULLETIN of the American Dahlia Society, Incorporated." ("Bulletin")

Section 3. Editorial Supervision

Clause 1. The BULLETIN shall be edited under the supervision of the Editor, with guidance by the Executive Board.

Clause 2. The Editor shall have the power to reject, in whole or in part, any advertising or reading material submitted for publication which may be deemed unsuitable for publication.

Section 4. The price for the Bulletin and other Society publications shall be specified by the Executive Board.

Article XII - Trial Gardens

The American Dahlia Society, Inc. shall have the power to establish and certify Trial Gardens for determining the merits of seedling varieties, at such places and under conditions as the Executive Board shall decide.

Article XIII - Rules of Order

The rules contained in the latest edition of "Robert's Rules of Order, Revised," shall govern the Society in all cases to which they are applicable and in which they are not inconsistent with these Bylaws.

Article XIV - Amendments

These Bylaws can be amended at any Annual Meeting of the Society by two-thirds vote, provided that the amendment has been submitted to the Executive Board in writing at least six months prior to the Annual Meeting and published in the June BULLETIN.

Revised with changes approved at the Annual Meetings, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1996, 1998.